IJIH

IJIH Volumes

Volume 6

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IJIH volumes Vol.6

Foreword

Author : Hans-Martin Hinz

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Preface

Author : Jingi Cheon

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Editorial

Author : Amareswar Galla

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Safeguarding the 'path of the souls' : the Don Bosco Museum of Cultures

Author : Aivone Carvalho Brandão & Dulcília Silva

The Don Bosco Museum of Cultures (Brazil) is the custodian of the largest Bororo collection in the world. The Bororo are one of the most studied indigenous groups in Latin America. Adorned human remains and ritual utensils recount the various stages of the highly complex Bororo burial process. In 2004 the museum underwent a large scale redevelopment. It aimed to establish more participative modes of cooperation with stakeholder indigenous communities. This paper presents the unique journey of this cooperation characterised by new approaches in dealing with the sacred and the indigenous voices in the museum.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Transmission of Texas-Mexican Conjunto Music in the 21st Century

Author : Daniel S. Margolies

Mexican-American Conjunto music of South Texas is taught outside of the modalities of traditional community cultural transfer in newly created Conjunto ensemble programmes in regional colleges and universities as well as in emerging lower school programmes. This article argues that these new efforts to teach Conjunto music in local ensemble programmes are a model for how regional culture in the United States can be simultaneously preserved as well as taught in community-embedded ways in the absence of state music programmes. They signal the creation of sustainability in culture and in local institutions. Conjunto ensemble programmes bridge the divide between rich folk cultural forms and the incompletely realised or implemented concepts of intangible heritage in the United States, where regional music is fast disappearing or losing coherence and culture, and is often reshaped into something closer to a commodity. Fostering sustainability in Conjunto music and culture through ensembles remains explicitly a locally sourced and politically committed approach.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Collaborative Internet-mediated ICH Inventories

Author : Clara Bertrand Cabral

The purpose of the investigation project described here was to develop an intangible heritage inventorying methodology suitable for Portugal and in accordance with the provisions of the UNESCO 2003 Convention, the Operational Directives and the recommendations of experts. Within the project, the inventorying methodology and the instruments developed were tested on a sample of people involved with specific elements of ICH from the five Convention domains, and with an ICH element from the domain of traditional craftwork – the production of inlaid ceramics in Nisa, a small Portuguese village in North Alentejo.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Traditional Crafts as a New Attraction for Cultural Tourism

Author : Goranka Horjan

The project CRAFTATTRACT (Traditional crafts as a new attraction for cultural tourism) was implemented by the Museums of Hrvatsko Zagorje and Slovenian partners in the cross-border area of Croatia and Slovenia. The Museums of Hrvatsko Zagorje have considerable experience in exploring tangible and intangible heritage in the region and good experience of co-operation with traditional craftspersons, who are contracted on a regular basis to demonstrate their skills in the museums. The project CRAFTATTRACT joined together various experts in the border region of Croatia and Slovenia in order to foster heritage as a driving force for responsible tourist development, thus establishing a sound basis for the preservation of crafts. It was implemented with EU funding through the initiative INTERREG IIIA Neighbourhood Programme, Slovenia-Hungary-Croatia. After the project successfully completed all the envisaged activities and the EU support was terminated, the project continued to fulfil its mission. The museums continue to pursue the project’s goals. The project also won international and national recognition. Furthermore, it played a significant role in the process of safeguarding intangible heritage in Croatia, especially in the preparation of the files for the national list of protected intangible heritage and for the inscription of the two elements from the region on the Representative List of UNESCO.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Safeguarding Intangible Heritage in South Africa: a Critique of the Draft National Policy on Living Heritage

Author : Thabo Manetsi

South Africa published the first Draft National Policy on South African Living Heritage (hereafter Draft Policy) in 2009, sixteen years after the first democratic elections in 1994. A national policy framework on safeguarding living heritage in South Africa is long overdue, as the previous heritage legislation from the Colonial and Apartheid eras focused mainly on the conservation and management of tangible forms of heritage. Living heritage was largely marginalised and thus could not receive any formal protection from government (as it is not part of the ‘National Estate’). The tentative promulgation of the National Policy on Living Heritage is a commendable and progressive step towards the protection of intangible forms of heritage. The Draft Policy has been in circulation for input and comment from a wide range of stakeholders. This paper seeks to provide a rigorous critique and commentary and to make specific recommendations on the Draft Policy.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

'Quaker Sweat' as Intangible Heritage

Author : Benjamin Gratham Aldred

In 2004, a small ritual to be held at a Quaker conference in Massachusetts stirred up a big controversy. The ‘Quaker Sweat’, a syncretic ritual drawing on Lakota, Cherokee and Religious Society of Friends sources, drew protests from a local Native American group. The controversy that emerged within the Friends General Conference, a national Quaker group, highlights the complex dynamics of the cultural property debate. Does the ritual belong to George Price, who developed it? Does the ritual belong to the Lakota, who taught him and gave him permission? Does the ritual belong to the Wampanoag on whose land it was to take place? In the ensuing debate, questions of syncretism and property are examined, taking into account the complex issues of personal versus cultural value, the role of history and experience in cultural property and the complexities of different cultural models of agency related to shared cultural forms. How does a cultural property debate develop between interested actors without the intervention of governments or inter-governmental bodies?

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage.

Author : Junko Goya

This paper examines performing arts as Intangible Cultural Properties, and considers their transmission, focusing on the case of Tanedori of Taketomi Island (hereafter Tanedori) one of the Important Intangible Folkcultural Properties of Taketomi-cho in Okinawa Prefecture. In particular, it focuses on the importance of the mutual relationship between local communities and schools. Tanedori refers to the ritual of planting rice or millet. In the past this ritual was performed all over Okinawa Prefecture. Tanedori faces the same sort of challenges as many other intangible heritage activities - lack of people to carry on the tradition and a declining and aging local population. This paper provides a case study on the role schools can play, through the active engagement of teachers and principals with the local communities, in the transmission of ritual performances.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Heritage and Creative Enterprise

Author : Ananya Bhattacharya

Culture is the expression of a society's aesthetic, moral and spiritual values. It transmits the heritage of the past and creates the heritage of the future. Although cultures themselves are dynamic, vibrant and evolving, they are fragile in the face of political, social and economic changes. Oral traditions and performing arts, which live on in the memory and daily life of rural and indigenous people are being obliterated by changes in lifestyle due to factors like industrialisation, globalisation, urbanisation and so on.

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Book review: Intangible Cultural Heritage in Mexico

Author : Cristina Amescua Chávez

IJIH volumes Vol.6

Brief biographies of the Authors

Author : Volume 6

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Foreword

Author : Hans-Martin Hinz
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Preface

Author : Jingi Cheon
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Editorial

Author : Amareswar Galla
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Main Papers

Safeguarding the 'path of the souls' : the Don Bosco Museum of Cultures

Author : Aivone Carvalho Brandão & Dulcília Silva
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Transmission of Texas-Mexican Conjunto Music in the 21st Century

Author : Daniel S. Margolies
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Collaborative Internet-mediated ICH Inventories

Author : Clara Bertrand Cabral
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Traditional Crafts as a New Attraction for Cultural Tourism

Author : Goranka Horjan
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Safeguarding Intangible Heritage in South Africa: a Critique of the Draft National Policy on Living Heritage

Author : Thabo Manetsi
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'Quaker Sweat' as Intangible Heritage

Author : Benjamin Gratham Aldred
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Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage.

Author : Junko Goya
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Short Papers

Heritage and Creative Enterprise

Author : Ananya Bhattacharya
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Book Reviews

Book review: Intangible Cultural Heritage in Mexico

Author : Cristina Amescua Chávez
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Brief biographies of the Authors

Author : Volume 6
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